Google in China Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Google in China - Case Study Example Due to the speedy growth of the Chinese economy, the government encourages investment in communication and communication infrastructure. This was a major advantage for Google and other internet companies operating in the Chinese market. Introducing a Chinese version of Google is also a major problem depicted in the case study (Hill, 2009). Google was not the first American company to enter into the Chinese market since other American internet company such as yahoo had already rolled out their Chinese version of browsers and other internet utilities. Legal issue China has its own version of human rights that are not common in the international platform. The entry of Google in the Chinese search engines industry was hampered by the diversity of constraints that characterize the Chinese market. After launching the Chinese version of Google, Chinese human viewed it as a new platform that they would use to push for human rights reforms across the country. The case study illustrates ethica l conflicts between the company and Chinese ethics and culture. In addition, the company was developed according to American culture and therefore it was facing challenges of integrating into the Chinese culture and ethics. 2. Determine the various roles that host governments played in this particular global business operation According to the case study, the Chinese government played a vital role in the development of Google China. The role of the host government can be summarized into provision of supportive policies and legislation set by the government to promote Google business. The Chinese government has policies that facilitates or encourages development of businesses and infrastructures in the communication sector. This was the main factor that facilitated entry of Google into the Chinese market. Secondly, the Chinese government prohibits hacking and other cyber related crimes that affect technology businesses. The ant-hacking law imposed by the Chinese government has helped to protect Google customers from cyber criminals and hence promoted its growth. The Chinese government is also cautious about the role of technology in economic development. Thus, the government has a keen interest in promoting investments in the communication and information sector. Promoting international internet enterprises is among the factors that promoted the establishment of the Google business. 3) Summarize the strategic and operational challenges facing global managers illustrated in the "Google in China" case study By the end of 2004, Google considered China as a strategic market and investment. However, Google managers realized that they needed to have their own computer savers and a Chinese home page. Establishing a Google computer savers and a Chinese home page was the first strategic and operational challenged that the company encountered. Secondly, the companies had to serve its Chinese users from its American base. This posed a major challenge to the company that w as reflected as increased costs of doing business. In addition serving Chinese customer from the Google America posed a major operational challenged for Google China. The dilemma resulting from â€Å"don’t be evil† mantra posed major challenge Google’s operations in China (Hill, 2009). Unlike the American markets, the Chinese market had major constraints to information censorship. This required the company’s senior managers to asses the suitability of operating the business from their American base

Education and Life Chances in Modern Education Essay Example for Free

Education and Life Chances in Modern Education Essay Public education, it can be argued, shapes society, instils social mores and indoctrinates the impressionable with those philosophies the elites value. This essay will focus upon three main areas intrinsic to the education system. These are the social reproduction of ideas, the life chances created and instilled through education, and the socialisation of the individuals undergoing the educational process. Two main sociological perspectives that are useful when studying the education system are Functionalism and Critical Theory, because they focus on macro issues and social structures more than the interactionist perspective. Functionalists believe that the school system is an agent of social reproduction, which operates to reproduce well integrated, fully functioning members of society (Webb, Schirato and Danaher, 2002: 114). Critical theorists, conversely, hold that education is the most effective mechanism for promoting social change and for giving opportunities to less privileged groups so that they can advance their social standing. However, education usually reproduces existing social divisions, maintaining the relative disadvantage of certain groups (Webb, Schirato and Danaher, 2002: 106). Munro (1994: 108) describes the different approaches by stating that, functionalists tend to see education as synonymous with socialisation, while a conflict theorist is inclined to view education as ideological- that is, reflecting the interests of particular groups. Functionalists hold that the major institution for social reproduction is the education system, whereas, from a critical perspective, teachers, who oversee this reproduction, have been made into administrators of programs that provide manpower capitalisation through planned and directed behavioural changes (Illich, 1973: 327). Illich (1973: 327) comments, from a critical perspective, that teaching and learning remain sacred activities separate and estranged from a fulfilling life. This is because the things being taught do not line up with the necessary knowledge needed for life outside of education, and that learning from programmed information always hides reality behind a screen (Illich, 1973: 324). This means that the knowledge provided is set to a secret agenda. The learning process, which supposedly passes on the values and mores necessary in society to students,  is not, however, meeting these needs effectively. Relevant information, that is, knowledge, which will add skills to the labour market, is becoming less practical and more theoretical, expanding the gap between study and work. Regardless of this, employers and social elites have attempted to use the schools for the reproduction of compliant workers (Davis, 1999: 65). This double standard has been discussed in a best selling song, The Wall by Pink Floyd (1978) in which they stated that the reproduction received through the school system was set to a hidden agenda, and that society would be better off without it. Drucker (1973: 236) equates the influx of educated people to the potential for producing wealth in any given country. By stating this, educational socialisation and the development of educated people is the most important function education can have. He goes on to state that while this may be the case today, throughout history, being uneducated provided the wealth of a given nation, due to the class differences, and that education was for the rich and idle while the work was performed by the illiterate. This all changed with the Industrial Revolution, and the invention of moveable type in the 17th Century (Drucker, 1973: 232). The moveable type meant that education could be performed at a reduced rate, and words became a commodity that was necessary for improving the quality of the labour force. Education is purported to provide the best possible life chances for its graduates, yet in reality, in many ways education diminishes these chances. Heinz (1987: 132) points out that the life chances of graduates are in a state of flux, that when the labour market is depressed and work is difficult to find, then young people will opt for more education as a means of delaying their entry into a tight work force. The school then takes on the function of a warehouse; it is a place to mark time. At the same time school acts as a socio-political instrument for reducing social and political conflict, and this function gains predominance over its main function of educating young people. In many cases the academic credentials earned are unnecessary for working-class jobs (Furlong and Cartmel, 1999: 12), which changes the focus of education, making it oppressive and irrelevant (Davis, 1999: 83). Heinz (1987: 131) states secondary  school-leavers face a worsening outlook when they want to start in working life, and joining a preparatory program is increasingly becoming the only alternative to unemployment. There are a growing number of young people who are finding it harder to find a place, whose prospects on the labour market are poor, being qualified but underemployed, or drifting between unemployment and occasional jobs (Heinz, 1987: 131). This increases social inequalities and the gap between rich and poor. By acting as a warehouse education is not preparing students for life but rather crippling their life chances. The alternative to this are to reassess the curricula and teaching methods, reintegrating skilled workers into vocational education, ensuring that knowledge will be of direct benefit to graduates in obtaining a place within the work force. There are fewer and fewer opportunities becoming available, and school leavers have to undergo more and more relevant vocational training. However, fewer school-leavers are able to go directly into the vocational training they want. Heinz (1987: 130) noted a growing trend 16 years ago that Depending on the region, only between one-third and one-half of these school leavers succeed in getting a training place, and in 1994 Munro (1994: 109) observed that the school-to-work transition had failed which had major ramifications for everyone involved, causing underemployment of school leavers (Munro, 1994: 116). The seriousness of this trend is made even more apparent by the fact that school-leavers are even ready to enter apprenticeships that lead them into dead-end occupations (Heinz, 1987: 129). Drucker (1973: 232) however, states that while this may be so, to be uneducated is an economic liability and is unproductive, even though education is producing an unemployable, overeducated proletariat. (Drucker, 1973: 233) According to Mehan (1973: 240) education is a major socialisation agency, which moulds the individuals self-concepts into a socially accepted format, allowing each individual to be slotted into a specific function (Sargent, 1994: 240). Sargent (1994: 240) points out that in the function of education values are essentially involved and are taught beside worldly knowledge. However, this knowledge interprets the world, but does not necessarily  correspond with any external state (Sargent, 1994: 232). The transmission of knowledge, skills and values, helps to sort and rank individuals, that they might be better placed in the labour market (Munro, 1994: 96). This raises a paradox, however, where education is seen by many as the best possible means of achieving greater equality in society (Sargent, 1994: 233), yet it categorises the graduates into job specifications, personality types and the opportunities granted to each. Sargent (1994: 231) furthers this thought by explaining that the education system is an integral part of determining position and power in our society (Sargent, 1994: 231), and that through education the class structures are compounded, making it more difficult for those in the working classes from advancing in the social hierarchy. The education institution both absorbs and perpetuates the ideology, masquerading as knowledge, which legitimises inequality (Sargent, 1994: 231). Regardless of the inequalities produced, it has become the absolute prerequisite of soci al and economic development in our world to have a highly educated pool of people ready for the labour market (Drucker, 1973: 232). In conclusion, the failure of the education system to reduce social inequality and produce better workers, raises serious doubts as to its effectiveness. Life chances created through education appear to be diminishing, despite the extension of education. The knowledge taught seems to be ineffective in preparing students to cope with life. Functionalists need to reassess the structure of education, as it loses its ability to effectively provide for graduates, becoming dysfunctional in its goals to remove inequality and give a head start to people entering the work force. When looking at the education system, it is necessary to ask if the cost spent on educating people is being effectively used, considering the increasing number of educated poor. The gap between knowledge taught and life experience needs to be bridged, for education to effectively function. If, as it appears, schools are to socialise and reproduce effective and functioning members of society, the curricula has to be ad dressed. Bibliography Davis, Nanette J. (1999). Youth Crisis: Growing up in the High Risk Society. Praeger Publications, Westport Drucker, Peter F. (1973). The Educational Revolution, Social Change: Sources, Patterns, and Consequences (2nd ed) Amitai Etzioni and Eva Etzioni-Halevy (Eds). Basic Books Inc., New York. pp 232 238 Furlong, Andy, and Cartmel, Fred (1997). Young People and Social Change: Individualisation and Risk in Late Modernity. Open University Press, Buckingham Heinz, Walter R. (1987). The Transition from School to Work in Crisis: Coping with Threatening Unemployment, Journal of Adolescent Research (Vol 2). pp 127 141 Illich, Ivan (1973). The Breakdown of Schools: A Problem or a Symptom, Childhood and Socialisation Hans Peter Dreitzel (Ed). Macmillan Publishing Co. Inc., Canada. pp 311 336 Mehan, Hugh (1973). Assessing Childrens School Performance, Childhood and Socialisation Hans Peter Dreitzel (Ed). Macmillan Publishing Co. Inc., Canada. pp 240 264 Munro, Lyle (1994). Education, Society and Change: A Sociological Introduction to Contemporary Australia Brian Furze and Christine Stafford (Eds). Macmillan Education Australia Pty. Ltd., South Melbourne. pp 96 128 Pink Floyd (1978) The Wall, The Wall. Mushroom Records, California. Sargent, Margaret (1994). Education for equality? employment? emancipation?, The New Sociology for Australians. Longman Cheshire Pty. Ltd., Melbourne. pp 231 256 Webb, J., Schirato, T. and Danaher, G. (2002). Bourdieu and Secondary Schools, Understanding Bourdieu pp 105 106 (Reprinted in Sociological Reflections on Everyday Life: GSC 1201 Reader). Allen and Unwin, Sydney. pp 227 238

Deregulation Of The Airline Industry :: essays research papers

Deregulation of the Airline Industry The airline industry has been subject of intense price competition since it was deregulated, and the result has been a number of new carriers which specialize in regional service and no-frills operations. These carriers typically purchase older aircraft and often operate outside the industry-wide computerized reservations system. In exchange for these inconveniences, passengers receive low fares relative to the industry as a whole. This research examines two low fare air carriers, ValuJet and Southwest Airlines. By investigating these air carriers, we can better understand the economic impacts of price versus service in the airline industry as a whole, as well as, the impacts on passenger and investor confidence. Until 1978, air transport rates were approved by the government, which meant that price was not a primary competitive factor. Instead, airlines would compete on service and image. The airline industry was dominated by giants (American, United, TWA) which offered nationwide and some international service, and by regional carriers, such as Southwest, which offered short trips between airports not served by the nationals.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Deregulation of the airline industry brought about in 1978 introduced a situation in which the national and regional carriers were suddenly able to compete in an environment that resembled a free market. Rate schedules were lifted, price fixing was eliminated and route management was removed. The main factors that affected whether an airline could serve a particular city was whether or not that city had enough gates for the new carrier, and whether the carrier was able to afford to purchase them. Companies such as Southwest recognized potential for low fares, and began building a niche for themselves by offering low fares with equivalent low levels of service. Southwest's success gave rise to a new generation of low fare airlines, with ValuJet entering the market in the early 1990's. Unfortunately, ValuJet suffered a string of accidents which brought the future of this air carrier into question. ValuJet is a low-priced airline that offers inexpensive tickets for regional travel. Based in Atlanta, the airline serves the Southeastern United States and competes with Continental Airlines as well as with other small regional carriers. It serves 31 cities primarily in the southeastern United States. The airline began its service with flights to Tampa and Orlando from Atlanta in 1993. The no-frills strategy paid off for the fledgling airline, which posted half again as many revenue passenger miles in April 1996 as it did in April 1995. However, the company announced that it was slowing the expansion of its services, voluntarily, at the same time that it posted this impressive revenue mark (Cole & Pasztor, 1996, p. Deregulation Of The Airline Industry :: essays research papers Deregulation of the Airline Industry The airline industry has been subject of intense price competition since it was deregulated, and the result has been a number of new carriers which specialize in regional service and no-frills operations. These carriers typically purchase older aircraft and often operate outside the industry-wide computerized reservations system. In exchange for these inconveniences, passengers receive low fares relative to the industry as a whole. This research examines two low fare air carriers, ValuJet and Southwest Airlines. By investigating these air carriers, we can better understand the economic impacts of price versus service in the airline industry as a whole, as well as, the impacts on passenger and investor confidence. Until 1978, air transport rates were approved by the government, which meant that price was not a primary competitive factor. Instead, airlines would compete on service and image. The airline industry was dominated by giants (American, United, TWA) which offered nationwide and some international service, and by regional carriers, such as Southwest, which offered short trips between airports not served by the nationals.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Deregulation of the airline industry brought about in 1978 introduced a situation in which the national and regional carriers were suddenly able to compete in an environment that resembled a free market. Rate schedules were lifted, price fixing was eliminated and route management was removed. The main factors that affected whether an airline could serve a particular city was whether or not that city had enough gates for the new carrier, and whether the carrier was able to afford to purchase them. Companies such as Southwest recognized potential for low fares, and began building a niche for themselves by offering low fares with equivalent low levels of service. Southwest's success gave rise to a new generation of low fare airlines, with ValuJet entering the market in the early 1990's. Unfortunately, ValuJet suffered a string of accidents which brought the future of this air carrier into question. ValuJet is a low-priced airline that offers inexpensive tickets for regional travel. Based in Atlanta, the airline serves the Southeastern United States and competes with Continental Airlines as well as with other small regional carriers. It serves 31 cities primarily in the southeastern United States. The airline began its service with flights to Tampa and Orlando from Atlanta in 1993. The no-frills strategy paid off for the fledgling airline, which posted half again as many revenue passenger miles in April 1996 as it did in April 1995. However, the company announced that it was slowing the expansion of its services, voluntarily, at the same time that it posted this impressive revenue mark (Cole & Pasztor, 1996, p.

The Value of College Education

The Value of College Education Getting an education is something that is very important and is essential for the growth and development of an individual. By getting an education, a person is able to rise above the rest and is able to achieve so much more in life. This does not mean just in terms of monetary or career oriented way, education serves to enlighten the body, the mind, as well as the soul. College education is a step further and takes a person into realms that can only be understood and appreciated by someone who has earned a college degree.So many benefits exist for a college education, all of which are impossible to list in the course of this essay. This classification essay shall attempt to classify some of the benefits that a person can reap from a college education. College education has a profound effect on a person and his or her life. It helps people choose their careers more wisely and the college experience makes people become more confident and can make better a nd well-judged decisions. To get a higher education is perhaps crossing the biggest milestone of your life.A college education is a very valuable thing and everyone should get one so that we can all be enlightened and help make our society a better place. A college is a place where people come together in an environment that helps nurture their educational and professional curiosities. People learn to read, reflect, explore, listen, argue, and especially, stretch their known boundaries. A college education helps people and prepares them for the entry into the real world of economics and social bindings.Students learn what exactly personal freedom is and then they learn how to enjoy that freedom in the real world once the education has been completed. College teaches people to dream of, to reach their highest aspirations, to choose well, and to choose wisely. It is sometimes very perplexing to think that many people undermine the value of a college education. A college is where peopl e go so that their mental capabilities can be thoroughly challenged, where they can grow and mature as individuals and as future carriers of the society.People who complete their college education can be spotted out from a group instantly. Such people appear more poised and confident in every aspect of their lives. I believe that people who complete their college education are the ones who are most responsible in making a society a better place to live in. If everyone in a society gets a college education, the society can be improved tenfold because of the values and the traditions that a person learns in college.A college education can teach a person about his or her moral obligations and helps the people to realize what it is that is missing from their lives. It has also been noted that people who have had a college education are generally happier in life and that they appear more sophisticated and enlightened. Such people have a better quality of life as they understand more abou t the world and can appreciate the finer things in life such as art, music and theatre much more than a non-graduate.It has also been noted that people who have a college education tend to be more satisfied as individuals as it helps them to achieve a greater sense of personal development. They are more at ease within themselves and enjoy more prosperity than others enjoy. They find great satisfaction in the knowledge that they have achieved their education in life and they tend to take great pride in that. People meet many different kinds of people at college and this helps prepare them for the life in the field where one has to interact with all sorts of people who are working.This aids in a person's personal development as well. Students attending a college learn to write more effectively and to express themselves more clearly. Studying with students from all different kinds of economic, ethnic and social backgrounds also help the person attending college into learning more about the world and this brings the people of the world closer as well. People at colleges come from every aspect of life; a person going to college is bound to interact with his classmates who can come from all sorts of different countries, cultures and generations.This interaction is another valuable aspect of a college education and it helps shape a person's personality in a way that is unmatched by any other kind of an institution, whether it be a church or a home. A person, perhaps, learns the most throughout his or her college years and this not only includes academic education but also education in the social and political realms. All these things combined are very useful and very necessary for a person to obtain if he or she wants to lead a happier and brighter life.

Individual Assignment: Classic Airlines Marketing Solution Essay

Bryan Spearman July 22nd, 2010 Abstract In the case study of Classic Airline (CA), the paper use problem-solving model to solve CA’s marketing problem. After taking into account of the internal and external pressures contributing the CA’s current crisis, the new objective of implementing strategic market plan to resolve solution is clarified; furthermore, potential issues of implementation is also considered to ensure impact of the plan. The paper will also highlight that implementation of improved CRM which expected to significantly improve the profitability of the organization. Successful implementation requires effective leadership, targeting market group, realizing shared vision among stakeholders and appropriate delivery strategies. Classic Airlines Marketing Solution For every successful organization, a question is often brought forward by the management: What philosophy should guide a company’s marketing efforts? Should organization focus its strength first on the interest of stockholder, the customers or the society? Often times, these interests are in conflict with one another. Since the mid-1950s, the marketing philosophy had shift from product centered â€Å"make to sell† toward customer centered â€Å"sense and respond† philosophy. Thus the questions of marketing are finding the product that fit customer’s need instead of other way around. [ (Philip Kotler, 2006) ] Facing fierce global competition, companies had realized the importance of retaining healthy customer relationship because every companies knows it is far more cost effective to retain a loyal customer than to acquire a new one. According to Plunkett Research Online, the 2009-2010 periods for commercial airlines are expecting some rough ride ahead: consumer budget is tight while companies are cutting down business traveling expenses. To combat with economical hardship, airlines are fighting to cut routes, removing older models of air planes and reduce the fuel cost; at the same time, competing on best price and total service package to the customers. [ (Plunkett Research Ltd. , 2009) ] The Problems at Classic Airline The Classic Airline (CA) is world’s fifth largest airline that operates 375 jets serves 240 cities with over 2300 daily flights. In the last 25 years, the company had grown into an organization of 32000 employees with multi-billion sales. [ (University of Phoenix, 2005) ] Due to the difficulties with increasing global competition, overexpansion within the organization, changes in customers spending, and increased concern with airline security; CA along with its competitors in the industry are dealing with issues of growing stress and reduced financial gain. Increased uncertainty had triggered a drop in stock price; thus CA has seen a 10% decrease in share price. To make the situation worse, the company had also shown 19% decrease in number of reward members and 21% decrease in flights per remaining member. (University of Phoenix, 2005) With rising cost especially in fuel and labor, CA is tight up financially in its ability to compete effectively in the market. Furthermore, the board of director mandated 15% cut in cost or the company will face bankruptcy. A key component of the business model affecting both competiveness and profitability is the structure of the marketing portfolio within the company. In fact, Classic Airlines is struggling with a number of marketing challenges both internally within their corporate culture as well as with their external marketing portfolio. Some senior executives such as newly promoted CEO Amanda Miller believed in focusing organizational resources on operational excellence and financial stability thus gives less attention to marketing. As a result, the shift in priority had caused the firm more vulnerable in this critical time which consumers needs should be valued as most important of all others. Meanwhile, CA’s competitors are learning fast in continuing improvement in customer satisfaction to regain their market share. Opportunity Identification Targeted at the problems at home, also lies opportunity to success. Because the executives of Classic Airline believes that they can turn the things around and improve the current situation, First opportunity is to increase customer satisfaction through the company’s existing program called Customer Relationship Management (CRM). Using this information, CA can determine what it needs to focus on to bring customers back. Though the CMO, Kevin Boyle is a big supporter of this program; he might be facing disagreement with other executives down the road during the implementation process since they don’t have much faith on how marketing department can be benefited from the program Stakeholder Groups and Shared Vision Stakeholder alignment is an important part of marketing planning thus holds a key to the success of implementation of problem solution. The potential of conflict of interest is inherent in any organization. Conflicts may exist whenever a group or an individual is paid to serve and support another from a position of assumed trust and responsibility. † [ (Emlyn Neuman-Javornik, 2006) ] Before any product reaches to consumers, it must connect with all stakeholders in every levels of the organization first because CA’s employees will be affected by these changes and so will their perfo rmance in the future. Can the risk due to the conflict of interest be eliminated once for all? Unfortunately, the answer is no; but the progression of actions that cause potential risky situation escalating to the point of destruction can be and should be prevented beforehand. [ (Emlyn Neuman-Javornik, 2006) ] The key step is management awareness and proactive action taken to minimize the risk factors. An effective risk-management program based on three critical phrases: Creation, Communication and Commitment. Creation is referring the solid cross-companywide statement of policy which states a clear expectation and govern ethical standard of conduct toward the all stakeholders including employee, managers, suppliers and officers; Communication, allows all levels of stakeholder to understand the statement policy and oversee any differences before it progresses; Last and most importantly, the commitment of employees, managers, partners and suppliers to invested in the company’s policy and shared vision as same as they are equally liable for the consequence if violates the policy. (Emlyn Neuman-Javornik, 2006) ] â€Å"The creative difference between reality and the vision is a way of seeing progress and an objective that serves as a motivator for a lot of people. † [ (Senge, 1997) ] Senge also states that the vision should come from all levels within an organization instead of being applied â€Å"top down†. Despite the individual belief and differences, it is vital for Cl assic Airline to establish a shared vision among all stakeholders in order for the organization continues creating value. In addition, the importance of a shared vision is the core of the company which allows teams learning to happen throughout the stages of product cycle. In fact, company that learns faster as a team than its competitor has a clear competitive advantage thus is more flexible toward changes. [ (Senge, 1997) ] In the case of Classic Airline, management had been working hard to maintain a high level of efficiency; however the passive approach has its limitation thus incapable of continuing improving when deals with worse market response. Therefore, the core competency must shift toward customer centered business operation. Employees must be encouraged to know and listen to the consumer’s voices which allow a clear channel of communication. As a result, the info collected from bottom up will help marketing team to shape a clear picture in how to meet market demand with effective strategic solution. In addition, a cross-function communication network must be established which integrated with CRM system to close the communication gap between external and internal stakeholders. Problem Solution An Overview of Customer Relationship Management â€Å"CRM systems can be viewed as information systems aimed at enabling organizations to realize a customer focus. † [ (Bull, 2003) ] Though CRM has gained an increasing popularity in improving and meeting marketing demand; however, the studies had shown a great number of failure in CRM implementation. According to Giga surveys: companies generally underestimate the complexities of CRM, lack of clear business objective and tend to invest insufficient resources into the program; thus Giga survey have estimated 70% of companies are likely to fail. (Whittle, 2001) ] The truth is that CRM system is evolving over the years as market demand changes. Because the leaders oversees not only the internal running of operation but also monitor the external environments changes; and are best positioned to set the vision and strategic direction for CRM project. In addition, the top executive is more cost aware than middle management thus has stronger control over the expenditure of project over the long run. [ (Bull, 2003) ] Classic Airline had earned $8. 7 billion in sales; however, the ineffective CRM system had reduced yields from consumers and failed to maintain loyal customers. The firm suffers CRM integration problem due to unclear direction in dealing with customer relationship. Therefore, a set of priorities must be established to set straight forth the focus of the CRM system which is to identify consumer needs, assisting market segmentation, discover value and cost driver, improving customer retention and leveraging stakeholder feedback. Holistic Market Approach Classic Airline could apply the concept of holistic marketing which based on four components: relationship marketing, integrated marketing, internal marketing and social responsibility marketing. The goal is to have more comprehensive approach that goes beyond the traditional marketing strategies in order to deliver highest value to the customer. [ (Philip Kotler K. L. , 2006) ] In the relationship marketing, the company can update and strengthen the CRM program to collect data required based on the goal to understand the need, wants and demand of the customers; as the same time, integrated marketing enable multiple marketing activities to communicate thus deliver value and maximize each activities’ joint effect. As a result, two objectives that can be achieved: lower the cost of marketing and implement a solid customer service solution to increase sales. [ (Philip Kotler K. L. , 2006) ] Notably, internal marketing must be incorporated into the solution process which to ensure every stakeholders within the organization embrace and participate the marketing principle especially the senior management. â€Å"Holistic approaches to CRM help organization co-ordinate and effectively maintain the growth of disparate customer contact points or channels of communication. [ (Bull, 2003) ] By placing CRM system as the heart of holistic marketing approach, new solution allows company undergoing transformation needed to emphasis on customer orientated business process with higher flexibility and adaptability to market changes. Identification of Right Customer Groups According to Newell, CRM is a useful tool in terms of identifying the right customer groups; in another word, assisting with market segmenta tion in order to provide appropriate service and product to different level of market groups. (Newell, 2000) ] The basic idea of market segmentation is that a company cannot have equally profitable relationship with all customers. By targeting consumer with different product and services according to their lifestyle, individual taste and financial ability will create a win-win relationship in which both parties received maximum benefit from one another. Newell had stated that identifying customer groups is the idea of distinguishing between transaction and relationship customers; which transaction customer are highly volatile thus have less to no loyalty other than obtaining the max benefit per transaction with best price. On the contrary, the relationship customer have far more potential for loyalty as they often prepared to pay a higher price within their financial ability for a range of reliable goods and services. [ (Newell, 2000) ] Generally, relationship customer will less likely to defect once establish a relationship; however, he will expect consistent quality service as a return for his loyalty. Relationship customer is far more cost effective than new customer because they had already understood the process and requires less persuasion; as the same time, he will be able to provide useful feedback to improve quality services of the organization. Delivery of CRM System Another dimension of market problem solution is CA’s ability to deliver the strategy successfully. CRM strategy is only effective if they deliver positive outcome; therefore, customer focused CRM system may not be enough with current consumer demand. Not only CRM will be able to assist the organization to predict future market demand, but keep the organization strong as a market leader. The studies had shown that fundamental goal of CRM is to improve organizational profitability though efficient and effective customer relationship. If the CRM strategy is struggling to impact profitability of organization after the initial implementation period; clearly, the strategy is failed to accomplish its goal. [ (Bull, 2003) ] In the case of Classic Airline, to revise and establish a stronger and effective CRM system: the top executive must clarify the expectation and announce an overarching theme to CA employees. The top executive must assume a strong leadership role within the organization to lead the transformation of the business process and passed down to the bottom level. When employees are more anticipated, the transformation process will be easier to implement. Value is ultimately built on the improved relational variables cultivated between business unit as CA experience learning as a team. As a result, manages and employees’ behavior will help improving the existing organizational culture so all stakeholders are motivated to work toward the common goal. Although the risks associated with transformation is relatively high, CA must utilize CRM system with proactive models to address the challenges/trends that market demand in a timely manner because strategy nd efficiency should always exist alongside each other. Alternative Solution and Benchmarking â€Å"When organizations want to improve their performance, they benchmark. That is, they compare and measure their policies, practices, philosophies, and performance measures against those of high-performing organizations anywhere in the world. † (James Cavanagh, 2000) Southwest Airline i s one of market leader in airline industry which has a reputation of delivering consistently high quality of customer service and employee performance. Southwest airline is reported that 2009 marked as their 37th year of consecutive profitability which proven their immovable leadership within the industry. (Gary C Kelly, 2009) During the period of recession, Southwest Airline had continued to dedicate quality of customer service as their top priority and led the industry with lowest customer complaint ratio. The organization is constantly seeking new opportunity to enhance customer experience. Examples of their initiatives are early bird check-in which encourage customer online-reservation; P. A. W. S that are welcoming customer with pet aboard and last, in flight internet that installing satellite-delivered broadband to onboard passenger. [ (Gary C Kelly, 2009) ] CA should learn from Southwest Airline which is developing strategic planning based on consumer focused philosophy. With new updates and perfected CRM system, CA will be able to establish more stable customer relationship in order to regain the competitive advantage in the market. Conclusion Marketing is the life and breathes of an organization, and the organization must be reminded how its strategic marketing solution should be based on consumer satisfaction consistently. Encompass the body of the paper, it is confirmed that CRM is a complex and holistic concept that requires appropriate business process and integrated systems. After identification of existing problems, alignment the stakeholders’ value and creation shared vision; Classic Airline had come to conclusion that in order for the successful implementation of updated CRM system to impact the profitability, CA need to execute effective leadership and risk management, targeting the right marketing group and evaluation within CRM strategies. The future of CA relies upon a collaborated effort infused with productivity and team work.

Free Essays on Gangs In The US

Violence is a part of life out here. In our ‘hood you see violence all the time, and that’s what time it is. Either you stay ready or it’s gonna get you... To me, selling dope is the best thing a young girl can do in trying to make it in the streets. Call us a gang or whatever you want. What we is, is getting paid. – Dewana, 20, member of drug gang (Taylor:1993, 32) Violence is a reality for the youth of America, gang violence being one of the fastest growing forms. While overall crime rates have decreased, it is becoming more common for the youth to the perpetrators. Our youth are increasingly the perpetrators and victims of some of society’s most violent crimes. Until recently, the rate of youth violence has climed drastically, between 1984 and 1993, the rate of homicides commited by juveniles increased 169%. (Walker:1993, 506) Gangs have become violent street families for many of our youth. Less than twenty years ago fewer than half of US cities reported gang activity, now 95% of the largest cities and 88% of smaller cities suffer gang-related crime. With the ever increasing population, according to demographic experts there will be a doubling of juvenile arrests for violent crimes by the year 2010. (US Department of Justice) Luckily with action these numbers can be changed. The facts of recent studies provide proof for an alternative outcome: o Over the past five years, violence- and especially murder- commited by young people has declined. o While the juvenile violent crime arrest rate increased 62% between 1987 and 1993, it decresed 2.9% in 1995, the first decline in seven years. o The juvenile murder arrest declined 15.2% in 1995- the largest one year decrease in more than ten years. o Since 1993, the juvenile murder arrest rate has dropped 22.8% (US Department of Justice) It has only been until recent years that the study of youth crimes has gained momentum, so far we know that: - Only a small fractio... Free Essays on Gangs In The US Free Essays on Gangs In The US Violence is a part of life out here. In our ‘hood you see violence all the time, and that’s what time it is. Either you stay ready or it’s gonna get you... To me, selling dope is the best thing a young girl can do in trying to make it in the streets. Call us a gang or whatever you want. What we is, is getting paid. – Dewana, 20, member of drug gang (Taylor:1993, 32) Violence is a reality for the youth of America, gang violence being one of the fastest growing forms. While overall crime rates have decreased, it is becoming more common for the youth to the perpetrators. Our youth are increasingly the perpetrators and victims of some of society’s most violent crimes. Until recently, the rate of youth violence has climed drastically, between 1984 and 1993, the rate of homicides commited by juveniles increased 169%. (Walker:1993, 506) Gangs have become violent street families for many of our youth. Less than twenty years ago fewer than half of US cities reported gang activity, now 95% of the largest cities and 88% of smaller cities suffer gang-related crime. With the ever increasing population, according to demographic experts there will be a doubling of juvenile arrests for violent crimes by the year 2010. (US Department of Justice) Luckily with action these numbers can be changed. The facts of recent studies provide proof for an alternative outcome: o Over the past five years, violence- and especially murder- commited by young people has declined. o While the juvenile violent crime arrest rate increased 62% between 1987 and 1993, it decresed 2.9% in 1995, the first decline in seven years. o The juvenile murder arrest declined 15.2% in 1995- the largest one year decrease in more than ten years. o Since 1993, the juvenile murder arrest rate has dropped 22.8% (US Department of Justice) It has only been until recent years that the study of youth crimes has gained momentum, so far we know that: - Only a small fractio...

Things to Know Before Visiting a Butterfly House

Things to Know Before Visiting a Butterfly House Youve probably seen live butterfly exhibits offered in your local zoos or nature museum. These exhibits offer visitors the chance to observe butterflies up close. Most butterfly houses populate their exhibits with butterflies from around the world, allowing you to see a variety of colorful species youd have to travel the globe to find in the wild. Bring a camera, because youll definitely want to capture images of these flying flowers. Heres a primer on what to expect when visiting, including tips for getting butterflies to land on you, and photographing your favorites. Things to Know Before You Visit a Butterfly House Butterfly houses are hot, humid environments. In most cases, the exhibit is meant to mimic butterflies native tropical habitat. If you have health issues that may be exacerbated by high temperatures or humidity, you may want to keep your visit short. A well-designed butterfly house usually has a double set of doors with a vestibule in between at both the entrance and exit. This is to help prevent butterflies from escaping  and to help keep the temperature inside the exhibit constant. Butterfly houses usually have misters placed throughout the exhibit to help maintain the humidity. Depending on where they are located, you might be sprayed with a gentle mist of water as you walk through the exhibit. Butterflies sometimes rest on the ground, including on the pathways where you will be walking. Pay attention to where you are stepping to avoid crushing a resting butterfly. Be sure to look up, too! Resting moths can fly way up high on the exhibit walls, or even on light fixtures. Butterflies behave differently depending on the species, the time of day, and environmental variables like temperature and humidity. Some species on exhibit may seem to do nothing but rest. These are often crepuscular butterflies, meaning theyre active at dawn and dusk. Most will be most active during the warmest, sunniest part of the day, which is usually the afternoon. Because butterflies are short-lived, some of the butterflies you observe may be nearing the end of their lives. You might see some butterflies that look tattered, with missing wing scales or even torn wings. This doesnt mean something is wrong with their care. Newly emerged butterflies, by contrast, will have bright, bold colors, and clean wing edges. Usually, the staff will release newly emerged butterflies and moths into the exhibit at a specific time each day, often in the afternoon. If you want to see this, you might want to call ahead to ask when they do the daily release, so you can plan your visit accordingly. Butterfly House Donts You will usually find a set of rules posted where you enter the butterfly house. These may include: Dont bring food or drinks into the exhibit.Dont wander off the pathways in the exhibit.Dont touch the plants or pick flowers.Dont pick up or handle the butterflies, unless a staff member invites you to do so.Dont remove butterflies from the exhibit area, even if they are dead. Butterfly House Dos Do take your time. Butterfly spotting takes patience!Do ask questions. Most butterfly houses have knowledgeable staff or volunteers posted in the exhibit area, able and willing to teach you about the species you are seeing.Do look for feeding stations and puddling areas, where you can get a closer view of the butterflies.Do visit the emerging area, where you can watch new butterflies and moths break out of their pupal cases. You might have to wait for a while to see one emerge, but it is well worth it.Do consider bringing a small pair of binoculars with you, to get a better view of butterflies perched high in the exhibit.Do take lots of pictures! Where else will you have that many butterflies within reach of your camera lens?Do check for hitchhikers before you exit the butterfly house. Ask a friend to make sure no butterflies have perched on your back. Behaviors You Can Observe in the Butterfly House To the novice butterfly observer, it might look like the butterflies are only doing one of two things: flying or resting. But theres more to butterfly behavior than that. Some male butterflies will patrol a territory, looking for a mate. Youll see him flying back and forth, back and forth in one area of the exhibit. Other butterflies are more passive in defending their territory, preferring instead to perch. These butterflies sit quietly in one spot, usually high on a tree or other foliage, watching for females to flutter into their area. If a male competitor enters his territory, he may chase him away. Because butterflies are ectothermic, they will bask in the sun to warm their bodies and their flight muscles. Butterflies also engage in puddling, which is how they get the minerals they need. You may see butterflies mating, and you will definitely observe butterflies feeding on nectar. See how many different behaviors you can observe! Tips for Getting a Butterfly to Land on You If youre lucky, a butterfly might land on you while you are in the exhibit. Theres no guarantee this will work but, you can do a few things to increase your chances. The best rule of thumb is to act as a flower: Wear brightly colored clothes. I have a bright yellow and orange tie-dyed shirt that always seems to lure butterflies to me.Smell sweet. If youre wearing a skin lotion or perfume that smells a bit like flowers, that attract a hungry butterfly.Stay still. Flowers dont move, so you wont fool a butterfly if youre walking around. Find a bench and stay put for a while. Tips for Taking Photos in a Butterfly House Butterfly houses afford photographers a unique opportunity to capture images of butterflies from all over the world, without the expense of traveling or the frustration of looking for them in the wild. Keep in mind that some butterfly houses do not allow photographers to bring tripods in, so call and ask before you visit. Here are a few tips for getting the good photographs on your next visit to a butterfly exhibit. Plan your visit for early in the day. Butterflies will be most active from late morning until late afternoon. You have a better chance of photographing butterflies at rest if you visit the butterfly house as soon as it opens in the morning.Give your camera time to adjust to the tropical environment. One thing that drives me nuts when I visit a butterfly house is my camera lens fogging up. If you move from a cooler, drier environment into the hot, humid climate of the butterfly exhibit, your camera is going to need a bit of time to acclimate before your lens will stay clear.Photograph butterflies from the front, not the back. You will be tempted to photograph the easy targets, like the butterflies resting on foliage with their beautiful wings visible to you. Look for butterflies on feeding stations or flowers, where you might be able to get a good close-up of it uncoiling its proboscis to drink, or tasting a piece of fruit with its feet. Rules for Displaying Live Butterflies Organizations that operate  live butterfly exhibits in the U.S.  must follow very strict USDA regulations. In most cases, their permit does not allow them to breed the species on exhibit. Plants within the butterfly exhibit provide nectar only; no larval host plants will be provided. Instead, they must purchase butterflies as pupae, which are housed in a separate area until the adults emerge. Most butterfly houses receive new shipments of pupae on a weekly basis since adult butterflies are short-lived. Once they are ready to fly, the adults are released into the exhibit. All butterflies must be kept within the confines of the butterfly house, and careful measures must be taken to prevent escapes.

A While vs Awhile

A While vs Awhile A While vs Awhile A While vs Awhile By Ali Hale One of our readers, Robert, wrote to ask Daily Writing Tips: Heres a couple of words I use all the time interchangeably. But are they? a while vs. awhile Help me out, o oracle! No problem, Robert! This one’s pretty easy to grasp: A while is a noun meaning â€Å"a length of time† â€Å"I slept for a while.† (compare with â€Å"I slept for a bit† and â€Å"I slept for three hours†) â€Å"I was away from my desk for a while.† (compare with â€Å"I was away from my desk for two minutes†) Awhile is an adverb, meaning â€Å"for a time,† or literally, â€Å"for a while†. â€Å"I slept awhile before dinner.† (compare with â€Å"I slept deeply before dinner† and â€Å"I slept badly before dinner†.) As you can see, the words can be used almost interchangeably in some cases – but a while needs to be accompanied by a preposition, such as â€Å"for† (â€Å"I slept for a while†) or â€Å"ago† (â€Å"I left work a while ago†). Awhile always means â€Å"for a while†. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Comparative Forms of AdjectivesThe Difference Between "will" and "shall"Shore It Up

Macroeconomics - international trade Term Paper

Macroeconomics - international trade - Term Paper Example The paper will then talk about some protectionism and why should be some government interference in trade. I then talk about how the terms of trade (TOT) of a country are affected by the price of exports and imports and finally the paper ends with an explanation on the impact of exchange rates on a country’s trade in the international arena. International trade refers to the exchange of goods and services that occurs across international boundaries that is between two or more countries (Grant 452). Countries that are involved in international trade are known as open economies while those that do not engage in it are called autarky or a closed economy. International trade differs from domestic or internal trade that takes place within the country. Restrictions are usually imposed by regulating authorities, international organizations and governments on the imports (foreign goods coming into a country) and exports (local goods supplied abroad). Communication can also be a problem in international trade however due to the advancements in technology and as a result of globalization this problem has been solved to a great extent. There are also high transport costs involved as products often need to be transported from one part of the world to another. In order to buy a foreign good one must have the foreign country’s currency to buy that good. Although these assumptions are unrealistic however they need to be made in order to understand the two concepts more clearly. A country has an absolute advantage in production of a product when the country can produce more of the product than the other country by using the same amount of resources. In other words producing the same amount if the product by using lesser resources. Let us illustrate this through an example. Suppose that there are only two countries, A and B, in the world producing only two goods, cloth and wheat. They produce per unit of

Marketing coursework 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Marketing coursework 2 - Essay Example This has been accredited to expanded development and complexed advances that associations are utilizing nowadays to triumph over markets (Christensen, Michael and Jonas 2005). Due to transformation and improvement in expertise, most enterprises are starting to discover worldwide markets for better earnings and opportunities. Advancement in expertise encompassing relation efficacy and better worldwide connections has assisted to the advancement of the worldwide trade. To accomplish larger investments and better market possibilities in the worldwide market, it is essential that prime and smaller market study be finished to double-check that data considering the homeland is attained (Chesbrough 2003). This paper will thus gaze into the obligations and designs required for Panasonic Company to go in a overseas market productively. The major matters that will be tackled by the paper will be; homeland study utilizing PESTEL, business study utilizing SWOT, functioning plans, trade blend and last assessment. Onida was founded by Mirchandani and Mansukhani in 1981 in Mumbai, India. In 1982, Onida began to assemble televisions at a factory they had. Since then, Onida has turned out to be a company with multiple products in the consumer markets. (Solberg 2000). Since its inception in 1982, ONIDA as a constructing business has supported its objective to conceive goods and services that will assist to the sound expansion of humankind and assist to humanity through its business. PESTEL investigation is utilized to enquire the crucial components, which sways a trade and the leverage they have on a specific business or businesses functioning in that specific industry. Political components entail government principles, which are associated to the industry. The financial components encompass the broader financial performance. Social components on the other hand concerns to

Spanish-American War Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Spanish-American War - Research Paper Example The war went smoothly for the Americans and proved devastating for the Spanish, which suffered defeat continuously. Although several drawbacks have been observed in the American military preparedness for this war, the same has been classified as â€Å"splendid war of short duration† by historians, even from outside America. Historian Harry Allen has described this event as â€Å"America’s swift and total defeat of Spain†(1). Due to lack of coordination between different wings of American defense forces, rivalry was visible between sailors and soldiers, while the war resulted in the charges of imperialism being levied against America, which still haunts the people of Cuba and Philippines. Michael Quinn, the author of this article has detailed the impact of this war on West Americans. According to Mormon theology, the church had a right to choose for participating or non-participating in an armed conflict, which the author refers as â€Å"selective Pacifism’. While Mormon Church lost its political and social power with the abolition of polygamy by the federal government in 1890, the option of selective pacifism became inapplicable in 1989, as a result of internal conflict within the Mormon Church on the participation issue. While â€Å"book of Mormon† has the evidences of pacifism, the internal conflict has been visible with one group refusing to participate in such defensive wars, based on religious and spiritual reasons.(1) Joseph Smith Jr discussed the theological aspects of pacifism, while proposing three essentials, which concern the Mormon participation in a war. These included the participating decision to be independent of secular government options, the Divine injunctions of war and peace being conveyed through a Mormon prophet, instead of any secular leader and the commands of the prophet to be given due respect in deciding on issues

Student Project D Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Student Project D - Essay Example nsultant who was hired by the chief operations officer (COO) of Phoenix, this brief paper will present ways to evaluate the performance of the central IT unit in its assigned task and subject a report. The information technology (IT) unit of any organization is often tasked with sensitive responsibilities with regards to the information needs of that organization. The evaluation of its performance can be subjective to a certain extent but there are measures or metrics by which its performance can be measure more objectively. In other words, there are ways by which metrics are transformed into something concrete, objective, measurable, effective, and time-bound. The said criteria is basically what is used to measure information management (Blackmore, 2003). Measuring performance of any business unit encompasses two aspects, generally. These are the external business perspective and the internal users perspective. The first pertains to how an organization is considered effective by its customers who availed of its products and servicesj in terms of its response and the timeliness of response (Epstein, Manzoni, & Davila, 2010). The internal side concerns more with perceptions, in particular, how people in particular departments react to their own business units. According to Blackmore, this is often called as perception management with regards to soft aspects of business operations. He called this aspect as perception management operations (PMO) which applies to how information is processed and how messages are sent to their intended target audience. In the case of Phoenix, its external users are the clients who access their company Web site perhaps to get updates on their investments. It is therefore a critical aspect of customer perception that will determine performance of IT unit. The effectiveness of the central IT unit at Phoenix headquarters can be measured by use of the above criteria. The performance measures (metrics) are based both on hardware and also

Business Write Up on Tuition Fees Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business Write Up on Tuition Fees - Essay Example The good news is that loans will be availed to cover the full cost incurred during the study with student not expected to repay these unless they secure jobs earning them at least 15,000 a year. Together with these there will be grants, bursaries and scholarships which will help them cover the cost of living. On meeting eligibility rules set for those undergraduates from the UK and EU, one can apply for a loan amounting to 3,000 which will cover fees for each academic year. However those who are financially stable are not expected to apply. Eligible UK students can also apply a non-refundable maintenance grant amounting to 2,700 a year, 300 bursary and other related forms of finance. Those studying in London and lives away are entitled to a maximum maintenance loan of up to 6,170 a year while those living with their parents will get a maximum of 3,415 a year as maintenance loan, a minimum of 4,630 a year and 2,560 a year respectively. Students with dependants will be eligible for more support which will be dictated by their disposable income, those with children can get an 85% childcare costs grant accompanied by up to 1,365 a year extra grant. An adult dependant will attract up to 2,400 a year extra grant. Lastly, the university is offering various scholarsh... Above all those students who still face financial difficulties even after receiving all the funding are encouraged to apply to the University's Access to Learning Fund for more assistance. Impacts to the students Benefits Students will acquire knowledge, skills and disposition that will enable them to participate at more or less effective members of groups and societies. Eligible students from United Kingdom and European Union will easily assess loans that will help them clear fees in each academic year For those students with dependants the university will consider them by issuing 85% childcare costs grant which will be accompanied by up to 1,365 annual extra grant. Those with adult dependants will receive a grant amounting to 2,400 a year. These will greatly assist this students hence making their learning smooth and uninterrupted by cases such as fees and dependant's upkeep Students will get modern and improved facilities from the university, this will include a well equipped library with necessary research materials They will receive well organised sporting activities that will attract regional and international competition thereby improving on their extra-curriculum activities. Disadvantages The new fee structure will lead to a reduced opportunity for students to join Westminster University This will lead to a considerable decrease on the number of students who will be applying to join the institution since most of them will shy away from the new fees. Students will experience inequality based on the admission system The total student debt will increase as a result of the fee increment Intelligent students from less well off families are exclude in the system hence denying them an opportunity to improve their situations in life as well as helping

Student Project D Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Student Project D - Essay Example nsultant who was hired by the chief operations officer (COO) of Phoenix, this brief paper will present ways to evaluate the performance of the central IT unit in its assigned task and subject a report. The information technology (IT) unit of any organization is often tasked with sensitive responsibilities with regards to the information needs of that organization. The evaluation of its performance can be subjective to a certain extent but there are measures or metrics by which its performance can be measure more objectively. In other words, there are ways by which metrics are transformed into something concrete, objective, measurable, effective, and time-bound. The said criteria is basically what is used to measure information management (Blackmore, 2003). Measuring performance of any business unit encompasses two aspects, generally. These are the external business perspective and the internal users perspective. The first pertains to how an organization is considered effective by its customers who availed of its products and servicesj in terms of its response and the timeliness of response (Epstein, Manzoni, & Davila, 2010). The internal side concerns more with perceptions, in particular, how people in particular departments react to their own business units. According to Blackmore, this is often called as perception management with regards to soft aspects of business operations. He called this aspect as perception management operations (PMO) which applies to how information is processed and how messages are sent to their intended target audience. In the case of Phoenix, its external users are the clients who access their company Web site perhaps to get updates on their investments. It is therefore a critical aspect of customer perception that will determine performance of IT unit. The effectiveness of the central IT unit at Phoenix headquarters can be measured by use of the above criteria. The performance measures (metrics) are based both on hardware and also

Differentiates Developmental Theory and Rudimentary Theory Essay

Differentiates Developmental Theory and Rudimentary Theory - Essay Example When action research findings are shared; they increase the interrelation between theoretic research and practice. The rapport between the two differentiates developmental theory and rudimentary theory thus publishing action research transforms information into application knowledge. More so, publishing an action research encourages other people to undertake similar researchers in the same or other areas, thus widening the knowledge application base. Publishing also widens the understanding of local readers of facts that they may consider palpable yet they affect their lives in a colossal way. Findings from an action research can be shared through data enclaves. This involves putting related findings in small groups called enclaves and allowing access for the people who consume such data. Data enclaves help in sharing findings and keeping them confidential before publishing. In case the findings of a research are confidential, they may be shared through remote execution systems. The findings are put in highly protected areas so that any request for secondary research in the area are submitted on the system. Findings of an action research may also be shared conventionally while limiting the level of access to such data. Top-coding is a technique of limiting the maximum number of people allowed access to certain findings, for example, 1-35000. Conversely, while sharing this information, discretion should be prioritized. Confidentiality can be maintained through de-identification and ensuring the people providing information remain anonymous. In the field of medicine, findings from field and laboratory researchers are shared through peer-reviewed journals. A peer-reviewed journal is basically a report with details of the features that the scientists observe in the experiments and their conclusions basing on such observations and medical/ scientific theory.

Information or Advice and Guidance Essay Example for Free

Information or Advice and Guidance Essay I work as Locality Co-ordinator for NALS, based at The Gatehouse in Hexham. My role is varied and no two days are the same, however predominantly I manage the building on a daily basis, dealing with the public, clients, tutors and any other persons who access the building. I ensure safe working practices/classrooms in accordance with Northumberland County Council policies as well as working closely with the Locality Manager to ensure the smooth running of centre/courses. I also deal with any issues as and when they should arise. I contribute to the development of the service and monitor client  attendance. I provide information, advice and guidance to clients enquiring about courses/finance as well as advising enrolled clients about choices for progression routes Where I am not able to help a client directly I can refer or signpost them for specialist help. I have provided information and advice to a support worker enquiring on the behalf of a client who is supported in the community, the client volunteers in a local charity shop but struggles with reading. I referred the client to the NALS brochure which she had with her at the time. I drew her attention to the free Functional Skills English class which takes place on a Tuesday with tutor Ged, which covers both reading and writing. I explained that an assessment would have to be carried out to ascertain the clients level. I arranged for a time and date on which the client could be assessed with a view to her potentially beginning the course. I have provided information and advice to a local employer regarding construction courses. I referred to the NALS website and read out brief descriptions of the courses on offer. I sent an e-mail to the client signposting him to Mike Smith who is the course leader. I also provided PDF documents of course descriptions. The clients who access The Gatehouse vary from 16-85 years old. The younger clients are those who did not gain any qualifications at school and whom work towards their Functional Skills (in ICT, Maths and English) parallel to the their chosen course e.g. Working with Children and Young People. Some clients study Access to Higher Education to gain entry into Further/Higher Education. Mature students enrol on a variety of courses whether this be a leisure course or certificated course in languages or ICT. Courses are advertised in brochures which are published three times throughout the year (Autumn, January and Summer.) Leaflets, posters are also displayed in the local job centre e.g. certificated courses such as ICT to help gain employment. NALS has a dedicated website describing courses as well as an electronic version of the brochure. Adverts are also placed in the local press (Hexham Courant.) I also post out information to clients, discuss courses over the telephone and e-mail. Some clients come to the centre and face a particular barrier such as disability. When supporting clients who have a hearing impairment I can either send information electronically or use an induction loop system if the client is in the centre. For visually impaired clients I produce information resources in large text and for ESOL clients information is provided in another language e.g. NALS brochure. I also use different colours of paper for dyslexia. I currently have a client who has impaired vision, for whom I produce all information materials in a large font onto A3 paper. Another client who has dyslexia has benefited from resources which I copy onto yellow paper. To meet the needs of clients who have limited mobility I organise the timetable so that their course is on the ground floor rather than on the first floor. I currently support a client on a language course whose health has deteriorated recently due to arthritis/operations. The class took place on the first floor and she was finding the stairs difficult (we do not have a lift). When this was brought to my attention, I met her needs by moving the class to the ground floor for ease of access. Prior to courses starting enrolment forms are completed by either myself or by clients and once clients commence their courses these forms are sent to Head Office and centrally stored. Enrolment forms that remain on-site are held in locked filing cabinets. Any data which is held electronically e.g. spreadsheet of students on current courses containing any personal details such as date of birth/contact details is password protected. This is all carried out in line with Data Protection Act 1988. Northumberland County Council holds a clean desk policy therefore any client information is locked away at the end of each day In the reception area of my centre a variety of leaflets are on display in racks covering topics such as course information and safeguarding. These can be accessed by clients at any time. In the line with the Equality Act 2010 I can contact Head Office to obtain leaflets in other languages. In my centre I have set up a spreadsheet which holds information on current students such as:- Name Postcode Contact Details Date of Birth Course Start/End date Payment method This is password protected and kept up to date and easily accessible. Head Office centrally hold all enrolment forms once clients have commenced a course, however the electronic system EBS is not always up to date (the front end of the database which we have access to) and sometimes it is difficult to retrieve information on current clients. If clients have a change of circumstance, I use online forms to notify Head Office of this e.g. should they move address, contact details, or withdraw from a course. Copies of any changes are also kept on file in office/within course registers. Online forms, once submitted now automate an acknowledgement that they have been received via e-mail. Copies of this e-mail are kept in folders within my e-mail i.e. Withdrawal confirmation as well as a paper copy of the submitted form. I monitor all information leaflets in the centre ensuring that they are up to date and re-order when necessary.

The Culturally Responsive Pedagogy Education Essay

The Culturally Responsive Pedagogy Education Essay Todays classrooms oblige teachers to tutor students varying in culture, language, abilities and various other characteristicsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Teachers must form a classroom culture where every student despite of their cultural and linguistic background are greeted, supported and supplied with the best aptitude to learn (Richards, et all). In my opinion, culture is essential to learning as it plays a role not only in conversing and receiving information but also in determining the thinking process of individuals as well as groups. A pedagogy that acknowledges, reacts to, and celebrates fundamental cultures offers full, equitable access to education for students from all cultures and prepares students to live in a pluralistic society. Culturally responsive teaching  is a pedagogy that identifies the importance of including students cultural references in all aspects of learning (Ladson-Billings, 1994). Culturally responsive pedagogy is based on student-centered approach to teaching whereby the students distinctive cultural potential are classified and nurtured to encourage student achievement and a sense of well-being about the students cultural place in the world. As from my knowledge, culturally responsive pedagogy comprises of three functional dimensions: the personal dimension, instructional dimension, and the institutional dimension. Culturally Responsive Pedagogy: The personal dimension is a process involving emotional and cognitive factors whereby teachers must engage in their teaching so that it becomes more culturally responsive. In fact, there are two components in a personal dimension. These components are self-reflection and self-exploration. Self- reflection is the most essential part of the personal dimension. This is because teachers need to honestly examine themselves in terms of attitudes, belief, values as well as their ultimate goal in order to create a more welcoming and safe environment for the students and their families (Villegas Lucas, 2002). Self- exploration is the opportunity that is created to explore their personal histories and experiences, as well as the history and current experiences of their students and families (Richards, et al). A better understanding and knowledge enables teachers to appreciate the differences and deliver unbiased instructions which ultimately prepare them to address the needs of all their stud ents. The instructional dimension is basically instructions use through activities, practices, materials and challenges that are associated with teaching cultural responsiveness in a classroom. The institutional dimension of culturally responsive pedagogy highlights the need for reorganization of the cultural features that are distressing the institution of schools, school policies and procedures (including distribution of finances and resources), and society involvement. According to Gorski and Covert ¼Ã…’there are six types of condition that have to be implemented in classrooms to ensure culturally responsive educational curriculum and setting in order to support students. First and foremost, teachers must ensure that every student have an equal opportunity to achieve her or his full potential. Secondly, students must be geared up to competently involve themselves in a more progressive intercultural society. Thirdly, teachers must also be geared up to effectively facilitate learning for every student no matter how culturally different or similar from her or himself. Fourthly, the school must be a dynamic participant in ending subjugation within their own territory, to produce a socially and critically active and awareness in students. Fifthly, in terms of student-centered and comprehensive of the voices and experiences of the students should be implied in their education. Last but not least, the educators, activists, and others must take a more active role in reexamining all educational practices and how they affect the learning of all students: testing methods, teaching approaches, evaluation and assessment, school. *Gorski, P. Covert, B. (2000). Multicultural pavilion: Defining multicultural education. The instructional dimension consists of materials, activities which can form basic instructions as well as strategies. There are about twenty-four Cultural Responsive Instructional Guidelines to endorse active learning, continues review, scaffolding, providing instruction to context and other. (Adapted from Klump, J., McNeir, G. 2005, and Artiles and Ortiz (2002)). In fact, there are ten additional guidelines to this cultural responsive instruction: 1. Students differences as well as their commonalities are acknowledged. 2. Validate students cultural identity in classroom practices and instructional materials. 3. Students are educated about the diversity of the world around them. 4. Justice and mutual respect are promoted among students. 5. Assess students ability and achievement validly. 6. Foster a positive interrelationship in the midst of students, their families, the community and school. 7. Motivate students to become active participants in their learning. 8. Students are encouraged to think critically. 9. Challenge students to strive for excellence as defined by their potential. 10. Show support students in becoming socially and politically conscious. (Banks Banks, 2004; Gay, 2000; Ladson-Billings, 1994; Nieto, 1999 cited in Richards, et al. 2006, pp.8-11.) The institutional dimension is an institution that emphasizes on the needs to transform the cultural aspects that are affecting three areas such as the schools organization, school policies and systems which includes the allowance of school finances and resources (Little, 1999). Organization of the school includes the administrative structure which in a way it relates to variety. Organization of school also uses the physical space in developing schools and arranging classrooms. School policies and procedures refer to policies and practice that may result an impact on the deliverance of services to students from diverse backgrounds. Last but not least, the community involvement is more concerned towards the institutional instruction to community contribution in which families and society are estimated to discover ways to be more involved in the development of school, instead of the school looking for acquaintances with families and society. Conclusion: In a nutshell, I believe that these three dimensions that were mentioned above create critical understanding of the effectiveness of a culturally responsive pedagogy. Cultural responsive pedagogy enables students to learn about their own culture as well as the culture of others. Students will also learn to appreciate and treasure cultural differences around them. Teachers are highly looked upon as role model by the society. Therefore, it is important that teachers must be culturally responsive so as to demonstrate positive values and be an example to students. In fact, extra effort of teachers is required to enhance high levels of development in students and within this process; student should never lose any element of their cultural identity.

Inventiong Of The Bicycle, Including Formal Outline :: essays research papers fc

The invention of the bicycle: Was it the greatest invention ever? "There has not been a more civilizing invention in the memory of the present generator than the invention of the bicycle open to all classes, enjoyed by both sexes and ages"- Lord Balour (Leek&Leek9.) he bicycle invented in 1816 was to become one of the greatest inventions still used today. A small town blacksmith in Germany had an idea for an invention the people though was crazy. That idea ended up being something used daily today 185 year later. One mans simple idea 185 years ago has become a major part of today’s culture. The Bicycle was one of the most influential inventions of transportation in the world. The Bicycle in its first forms looked nothing like today’s idea of the bicycle. Its original designs were more similar to a â€Å"hobbyhorse† than a bicycle. The Draisine had two wheels in tandem along with a crude steering mechanism. This original idea was left open for other additions. From simple things like rubber tires to most importantly brakes. The Velocipede was a little later in time than the Draisine but still had major issues. They had extremely large front wheels and minute rear wheels. This caused for the super high center of gravity along with almost impossible mounting and dismounting. In a German blacksmith shop around 1816, a man was to invent something that was to become a major part of today’s culture. The original idea was to have a machine. That would allow a person to travel a long distance with little energy. Only after it was built, it was something that would take a large amount of energy to go on flat or a slight uphill for a short coast down a hill. After the invention was refined a little, it could almost get to the idea of what Drais had. It was used for long distance travel with a lot of downhill coasting. The people of Karlsruhe wanted the Barons invention banned from the sidewalks and the streets. On January 12 1818, the baron received this order, â€Å" We, by the grace of God, duke of Baden, grant Duke of Zahringer, grant to Karl, Baron Von Drais for his invention of tread machine an invention patent for ten years duration that no one can copy of have copied in the land of grand duchy, or shall use this on public street or places without first, having settles with the inventor about it and have gotten proof of it from him. Inventiong Of The Bicycle, Including Formal Outline :: essays research papers fc The invention of the bicycle: Was it the greatest invention ever? "There has not been a more civilizing invention in the memory of the present generator than the invention of the bicycle open to all classes, enjoyed by both sexes and ages"- Lord Balour (Leek&Leek9.) he bicycle invented in 1816 was to become one of the greatest inventions still used today. A small town blacksmith in Germany had an idea for an invention the people though was crazy. That idea ended up being something used daily today 185 year later. One mans simple idea 185 years ago has become a major part of today’s culture. The Bicycle was one of the most influential inventions of transportation in the world. The Bicycle in its first forms looked nothing like today’s idea of the bicycle. Its original designs were more similar to a â€Å"hobbyhorse† than a bicycle. The Draisine had two wheels in tandem along with a crude steering mechanism. This original idea was left open for other additions. From simple things like rubber tires to most importantly brakes. The Velocipede was a little later in time than the Draisine but still had major issues. They had extremely large front wheels and minute rear wheels. This caused for the super high center of gravity along with almost impossible mounting and dismounting. In a German blacksmith shop around 1816, a man was to invent something that was to become a major part of today’s culture. The original idea was to have a machine. That would allow a person to travel a long distance with little energy. Only after it was built, it was something that would take a large amount of energy to go on flat or a slight uphill for a short coast down a hill. After the invention was refined a little, it could almost get to the idea of what Drais had. It was used for long distance travel with a lot of downhill coasting. The people of Karlsruhe wanted the Barons invention banned from the sidewalks and the streets. On January 12 1818, the baron received this order, â€Å" We, by the grace of God, duke of Baden, grant Duke of Zahringer, grant to Karl, Baron Von Drais for his invention of tread machine an invention patent for ten years duration that no one can copy of have copied in the land of grand duchy, or shall use this on public street or places without first, having settles with the inventor about it and have gotten proof of it from him.

Climate Changes Effect On Australian Locust Populations Environmental Sciences Essay

analyze the effects and impacts of clime alteration on locust populations and our version responses ( assessment of clime alteration impacts and possible version responses ) . Locusts are a type of insect that can be lay waste toing plagues of agribusiness due to their ability to develop really big populations and to organize dense and extremely nomadic droves. The possible home grounds of the Australian pestilence locust screen half of inland eastern Australia, an country of about two million square kilometers. They are chiefly unfastened tuft grasslands on clay, loam or stone-mantled desert loam dirts. Habitats become suited for locust genteelness after rainfall, when dirt wet allows egg development and flora response provides nutrient for subsequent endurance of nymphs. Landscapes which are by and large unfavorable for locust genteelness include forest, forest, bouldery hills, desert sandplain and dunefields. The glade of wood and forest flora on clay and loam dirts has expanded the country of possible home ground in the agricultural parts of southern and eastern Australia. Within the parts of possible home ground there are some countries which are capable to more frequent infestation. Female Australian pestilence locusts typically lay their eggs in hard- jammed dirt along roads and paths, in clay pans or in rocky countries. Has recent clime alteration influenced the frequence or strength of utmost events? Give illustrations if possible. The IPCC ‘s Fourth Assessment Report states that more powerful storms and hotter, longer dry periods have been observed and this tendency is predicted to go on. Climate alteration may do an addition in conditions extremes through alterations to the distribution of heat and the flow of energy through the clime system. Current information suggests that clime alteration has already influenced the frequence of utmost events such as heat moving ridges, inundations, storms, fires and drouths. Australia is a of course dry continent, which has been capable to periodic drouths. CSIRO patterning suggests that the frequence of drouth in some countries could treble by 2070, based on scenarios utilizing different degrees of C dioxide emanations. This could do an addition in the badness, continuance, frequence or distribution of drouths. Tropical storms and hurricanes are potentially sensitive to planetary heating because their development is restricted to ocean countries where the sea surface temperature is greater than 27 & A ; deg ; C. Given the fact that planetary heating may do a greater country of ocean to make this temperature more frequently, the zone of hurricane activity could spread out. An addition in the frequence of inundations has been observed between 1865-1999. Hot yearss, hot darks and heat moving ridges have besides become more frequent ( Confalonieri et al. , 2007 ) . Besides in some parts, alterations in temperature and precipitation are projected to increase the frequence and badness of fire events ( Confalonieri et al. , 2007 ) . It must be noted nevertheless that natural phenomena might besides be able to explicate a possible addition in utmost conditions events such as El Ni & A ; ntilde ; Os and La Ni & A ; ntilde ; a, which are known to make utmost conditions events. Natural systems in all continents and most oceans are being affected by regional clime alterations, chiefly temperature additions. The chief natural systems of Earth include biological systems, ecosystems, planetary energy budget, H2O rhythm, biochemical rhythms and planetary clime systems. Observed alterations to natural systems: Plant and animate being scopes have shifted pole ward and higher in lift – alterations in flora due to altering climatic conditions and enlargement of north-polar bush lands into antecedently shrub-free countries. †¢ In some countries populations sizes of workss and animate beings have changed dramatically by increasing in some countries and worsening in others – altering climatic conditions can diminish the survival rate of native species and increase endurance of alien species. †¢ Phenology: timing of many life-cycle events, such as blooming, migration and insect outgrowth, had shifted earlier in the spring and frequently later in the fall. alteration in overall distribution and strength of normal conditions events and increased frequence and strength of utmost conditions events, ADAPTION RESPONSES If climate variableness is an indirect cause of the pest eruption, it is of import to carefully measure the benefits and disadvantages, both environmentally and economically, of any control steps, particularly when biological control agents are concerned, the effects of which are irreversible. find the point of struggle in the argument in your topic country ; Although a contributing cause for the population detonation is likely to be climate variableness, the mechanism through which clime could be runing to do the widespread pest eruptions is non instantly obvious. Climate theoretical accounts are undependable These pestilences have been go oning for many old ages. adjudicate between conflicting grounds and theories on anthropogenetic planetary heating While many of these natural drivers and influences on clime will ever happen, and are out of human control, the combination of these and human activities are progressively changing the Earth ‘s clime. Scientific grounds strongly indicates that natural influences can non explicate the rapid addition in planetary near-surface temperatures observed during the 2nd half of the twentieth century. Human impacts on the clime system include increasing concentrations of atmospheric nursery gases such as C dioxide, CFCs and their alternates, methane, azotic oxide, and air pollution and land alteration. While scientists ‘ apprehension of the primary procedures responsible for planetary clime alteration has greatly improved during the last decennary, through advanced representation of C, H2O, and other biogeochemical rhythms in clime theoretical accounts, projections of future planetary heating are still hard to foretell due to uncertainnesss and differing anticipations. A February 2007 study by the IPCC, based on the work of some 2,500 scientists in more than 130 states, concluded that worlds have caused all or most of the current planetal heating through industrialisation, deforestation, and pollution have greatly increased atmospheric concentrations of H2O vapor, C dioxide, methane, and azotic oxide, which are all nursery gases that aid pin down heat near Earth ‘s surface. While the IPCC accept that natural rhythms play a function in clime alteration they point make apparent that such alterations have occurred over the span of several centuries, while today ‘s alterations have taken topographic point over the past hundred old ages or less. There are besides many plausible sceptics who challenge the current findings on clime alteration and its effects: – Many believe that the recognized planetary mean temperature statistics used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change show that no ground-based heating has occurred since 1998 and as consequence they strongly doubt whether any planetary heating at all is happening at the minute – Some scientists province that the rhythm of glacial and interglacial periods shows that the Earth ‘s temperature is really chilling down. – Many scientists are oppugning the current theoretical accounts and methods used to foretell clime alteration and are disbelieving of the truth of current IPCC clime anticipations. Many believe that it is non possible to project planetary clime accurately plenty to warrant the scopes projected for temperature and sea degree rise over the following century. – Some scientists province that planetary heating is chiefly caused by natural procedures and conclude that the ascertained heating is more likely attributable to natural causes than to human activities – Some scientists conclude that the cause of planetary heating is unknown and that no principal cause can be attributed to the ascertained rise temperatures, whether anthropological or natural. – Some scientists do non deny or corroborate that planetary heating is happening, nevertheless many believe that the associated effects of planetary heating will be of small impact to human society or the Earth ‘s environment develop and warrant your ain stance in relation to the argument ; show the taking issues for clime alteration impacts in your chosen subject country ; present key version demands for your chosen subject country. Emerging nymphs and teeming locusts have the ability to do terrible harm to harvests and grazing lands in the wheatbelt, every bit good as harm to intensive horticultural endeavors, featuring evidences, groves, vineries, gardens and other public and private installations from winging droves Weather is created out of altering heat and cold of the land mass and the oceans during each twenty-four hours and with the seasons. We are now doing profound alterations to these ancient systems through general heating and the instability between equatorial temperature rise and polar – some 3 & A ; deg ; C. 2005 was the 2nd warmest twelvemonth on record increased by accelerated thaw of Arctic sea ice and Siberian permafrost. In the oceans this has been exacerbated by the break of the planetary ocean current that warms Europe and the turning permanency of the El Nino in the Pacific. Climate theoretical accounts have been proposing for old ages that the equatorial and southern parts will go drier, with many countries traveling into lasting drouth. This includes some of the poorest lands in the universe where people are least able to accommodate, and some of the most thickly settled. This is climate alteration in a large manner! Earlier clime theoretical accounts have been excessively simplistic for the elaboratenesss of nature. There has been out of the blue rapid warming in the semitropicss ( at 30 grades north and south ) whereas the theoretical accounts predicted a more unvarying heating. These parts, which already have warm climes, include north Africa and the southern parts of China, Australia and South America. This will convey widespread drouth to these countries. The effects of conditions uncertainness are difficult to quantify, though here is an declarative list. See how each of these results would impact on you personally: Deluging from storms and exceeding rainfall impacts most to a great extent on the more fertile parts created from flood plains. City nutrient supplies are restricted or become really expensive, as happened late with Australian rock fruits and bananas. Sea rushs will massively impact low-lying parts where there are heavy populations, from the China seashore to Florida. Many of these are retirement oasiss. Mud slides where there has been heavy deforestation, most frequently near shanty towns where there has been minimum respect for possible prostration. More involved as most of the population addition is migrating to new suburban conurbation. Dry equatorial conditions ignites progressively immense wood fires that destroy a batch of the lumber used in building, every bit good as making fume haze and impacting wellness. More extended drouth that will go lasting in some countries, and will consequence the major grain-growing countries of Argentine and Australia. Dry conditions encourage droves of plagues, such as locusts, and wood-eating beetles to travel into fertile countries. Heat and fire thaws more permafrost, and this destabilises roads and edifices, taking to out-migration. Extensive loss of stock and harvest from all the above with immense effects for those in fringy nutrient countries. Some civilizations, such as those in cardinal Asia and east Africa that count their animate beings as wealth, will disintegrate. 9. Has planetary heating increased the frequence of locust pestilences around the universe? There is no strong grounds for this. Recent eruptions of locusts in many parts of the universe are more likely to be linked to above norm rainfall associated with normal, but mostly unpredictable climatic rhythms. 10. Are fluctuations in locust Numberss in Australia associated with El Ni? O or La Ni? a events? In Australia, strong El Ni? o* and La Ni? a* events have some influence on locust Numberss but can non wholly explicate the incidence of pestilences. Locust pestilences sometimes do, but non ever, occur when there is a strong La Ni? a event as this is associated with above norm rainfall. However, above mean rainfall may non needfully take to a locust eruption, as the critical factor in the development of a pestilence is the timing of rainfall events in relation to genteelness ( see FAQ 4 ) . [ *for a definition of El Ni? O and La Ni? a events see the Australian Bureau of Meteorology Climate Glossary ]There are concerns being expressed over the impact on farm animal, human wellness, the H2O supply, and the eco-system and what after effects will stay from the usage of these pesticides.He said the staggered hatchings, which arose because of recent fluctuations in temperature, would do things more hard as the population would be in different phases of development. †The 100s of 1000000s of locusts expected make this the biggest pestilence since 1973/74 and are a consequence of increased rainfall in Western Queensland. †